Umshini wokomisa iqhwa wezokwelapha

Ukomisa ngeqhwa, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukomisa ngeqhwa, kuyinqubo yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni esezingeni eliphansi esetshenziselwa ukwelapha imikhiqizo ezwela ukushisa. Lobu buchwepheshe manje buyindlela ejwayelekile ezinkampanini eziningi zemithi. Ngoba buwomisa kancane umkhiqizo ngaphandle kokubhubhisa umsebenzi wawo webhayoloji kanye nezakhiwo zawo zomzimba.

一, umlando womshini wokomisa iqhwa wezokwelapha

Ngo-1906, uJacques-Arsene de Assonval wasungula indlela yokomisa ngeqhwa eCollege de France eParis. Kamuva, ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe II, yayisetshenziswa kabanzi ukulondoloza i-serum. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, ukomisa ngeqhwa kuye kwaba enye yezinqubo ezibaluleke kakhulu zokulondoloza imithi nezinto eziphilayo ezizwela ukushisa.

Futhi, izinzuzo zomshini wokomisa iqhwa wezokwelapha

1, gcina izakhiwo zamakhemikhali nezomzimba

Ngokungafani nezindlela zokomisa ezisekelwe ekushiseni, ukomisa ngeqhwa kusebenzisa amazinga okushisa aphansi kanye nenqubo ebizwa ngokuthi i-sublimation kanye ne-desorption ukuze kushiswe amanzi. Kugwema ukushisa okweqile ukuze kuvikelwe ubuqotho bomkhiqizo, okungathinti izakhiwo zamakhemikhali noma zomzimba.

2. Gcina umsebenzi wezinto eziphilayo

Embonini yezemithi, lapho imikhiqizo eminingi kanye namasampula kubuthakathaka, kungazinzile, futhi kuzwela ukushisa, le ndlela yokulondoloza ifaneleka kakhulu. Ngokuvamile ukomisa ngeqhwa kuqinisekisa umsebenzi wezinto eziphilayo >90%.

3, kulula ukuyigcina nokuyithutha

Umswakama wemithi eyomisiwe ngokuqandisa ungaphansi kuka-3%, ofanele ukugcinwa isikhathi eside nokuthuthwa ekamelweni lokushisa. Vele ungeze amanzi ukuze ubuyisele umkhiqizo esimweni sawo sokuqala. Amandla okuqinisa imikhiqizo nokwandisa impilo yeshelufu yemithi nemithi yenze ukomisa ngokuqandisa kube enye yezindlela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yemithi. Kuthiwa impilo yeshelufu yemithi eyomisiwe ngokuqandisa okungenani iminyaka emi-5 kuya eminyakeni engama-30.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa okuvamile komshini wokomisa iqhwa wezokwelapha

1. Impuphu yemithi

a: Umjovo: i-glycyrrhizin eyomisiwe eqandisiwe, i-recombinant human interferon γ, njll.

Iseli lesiqu, imithi ye-biopharmaceutical, imithi yamakhemikhali;

b: Imijovo: umuthi wokugomela i-encephalitis ongasebenzi, umjovo wangaphakathi komuthi wokugomela i-BCG, umuthi wokugomela i-mumps onciphile, umuthi wokugomela i-yellow fever onciphile, njll.

c: Amaprotheni: i-immunoglobulin, i-human prothrombin complex, i-human fibrinogen, i-snake venom serum, i-scorpion venom serum, imikhiqizo ye-Staphylococcus A protein pure, njll.;

d: Ama-antibiotic: i-antitoxin ye-diphtheria eyomisiwe ngokuqandisa, i-antitoxin ye-tetanus eyomisiwe ngokuqandisa, njll.;

2. Izinto zokwelapha zaseShayina (ukuqeda)

a: Izitshalo: I-Ginseng, i-Notoginseng, i-ginseng yaseMelika, i-Dendrobium, i-Scutellaria skullcap, i-Licorice, i-Radix salva, i-Wolfberry, i-safflower, i-honeysuckle, i-chrysanthemum, i-Ganoderma lucidum, i-ginger, i-Peony, i-peony, i-Rehmannia, i-yam (i-Huaishan), i-Ginkgo, i-Astragalus, i-Cistanche, ikhasi le-orange, i-Tremella tremella, i-Hawthorn, i-monk fruit, i-Gastrodia gastrodia, i-Tianshan Snow Lotus, njll.;

b: Izilwane: i-royal jelly, i-placenta, i-cordyceps, ihhashi lasolwandle, inyongo yebhere, impondo yenyamazane, igazi lenyamazane, i-musk, i-ejiao, i-heparin sodium, njll.;

3. Izinto zokusetshenziswa

Izinto zokusetshenziswa eziphilayo, izinto zokusetshenziswa kwezilwane, izinto zokusetshenziswa zamakhemikhali, imithi yokukhipha egxilile;

4. I-reagent yokuthola

Ukuhlolwa kwemvelo: ama-reagent okuhlola ikhwalithi yamanzi, ama-reagent okuhlola inhlabathi kanye nezinye izinto ezomiswe ngeqhwa;

I-reagent yokuthola ukuxilonga, i-reagent yokuthola ukuhlolwa, i-reagent yokuthola izinto nge-biochemical;

5, amasampula ezinto eziphilayo, izicubu eziphilayo

Isibonelo, yenza izinhlobo ezahlukene zezilwane nezitshalo, womise futhi ulondoloze isikhumba, i-cornea, ithambo, i-aorta, i-valve yenhliziyo kanye nezinye izicubu eziseceleni zokufakelwa kwezilwane ze-xenogeneic noma ze-homologous, njengokomiswa okuqandisiwe;

6. Ama-microorganisms kanye ne-algae

Njengezinhlobo ezahlukene zamabhaktheriya, imvubelo, ama-enzyme, ama-protozoa, ama-micro-algae kanye nokunye ukulondolozwa kwesikhathi eside, njengokomisa ngeqhwa

7, imikhiqizo yezinto eziphilayo, izidakamizwa

Njengokulondolozwa kwemithi yokulwa namagciwane, imithi yokulwa nobuthi, izinto zokuxilonga kanye nemithi yokugoma;

Inqubo yokomisa izidakamizwa ngokuqandisa

Empeleni, imithi eyomiswe ngokuqandisa inezinyathelo ezintathu eziyinhloko: ukuqandisa, ukomisa okuyinhloko, kanye nokomisa okwesibili, okuhlanganisa:

Ukuqandisa: Umkhiqizo wamanzi uqandisa ngokushesha ukuze kuvinjelwe ukwakheka kwamakristalu amakhulu angalimaza izindonga zamaseli ezinto.

Ukomisa okuyinhloko (i-sublimation): Lesi yisigaba sesibili senqubo yokomisa ngokuqandisa, lapho ingcindezi incishiswa khona futhi ukushisa kubangela ukuthi amanzi aqandisiwe aphele. Kuye ngesampula, le nqubo ingathatha noma yikuphi kusukela emahoreni ambalwa kuya ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ukuqeda. Uma ukomisa okuyinhloko sekuqediwe, ama-93-95% amanzi asuke esepholile.

Ukomisa kwesibili (ukumuncwa): Lesi yisigaba sokugcina lapho izinga lokushisa liphakanyiswa khona ukuze kususwe umswakama osele. Amanzi asele abanjwe ku-matrix eqinile ayasuswa ngokwandisa izinga lokushisa.

Umuthi owomiswe ngokuqandisa ube usupakishwa emabhodleleni engilazi anezivalo zerabha kanye nezivalo ezinezimbobo ze-aluminium.

五. Imithi efanelekile yokomisa efrijini

Izibonelo zemithi eyomiswe ngokuqandisa yilezi:

umjovo.

i-antibody.

i-erythrocyte

i-plasma

i-hormone

amagciwane

Igciwane.

i-enzyme

ama-probiotic

Amavithamini namaminerali

I-peptide ye-Collagen

i-electrolyte

Isithako semithi esisebenzayo

I-六, i-pharmaceutical freezer dryer iyanconywa

Umshini wokomisa oqandisayo wokuhlola

Umshini wokomisa oqandisayo we-pilot

Umshini wokomisa oqandisayo wezinto eziphilayo

Njengomkhiqizi ochwepheshe wezinhlelo zokomisa ngeqhwa kanye nezixazululo, i-“BOTH” Instrument inolwazi olucebile ku-R&D kanye nokukhiqiza.Umshini wokomisa oqandisayo wokuhlola, umshini wokomisa iqhwa we-pilotfuthiumshini wokomisa we-biological freezerathuthukiswe yi-“BOBABILI” angahlangabezana nezidingo zamasampula amancane, amasampula okuqala noma amakhulu, uma uwadinga, sicelaXhumana nathi, siyajabula ukukunikeza ukubonisana nokuphendula noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo. Ithimba lethu lizokujabulela ukukukhonza. Ngilangazelela ukuxhumana nokubambisana nawe!