Ngezinguquko zendlela yokuphila yesimanje, umqondo wokuba nezilwane ezifuywayo ushintsha njalo. Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokomisa ngokuqandisa kudale izinguquko ezinkulu embonini yokudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo. Ukudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo okomiswe ngokuqandisa, njengomkhiqizo walobu buchwepheshe obusha, kuzoba inyama yesibindi semfuyo yemvelo, inhlanzi kanye ne-shrimp, izithelo nemifino kanye nezinye izinto zokusetshenziswa ngenqubo yokomisa ngokuqandisa nge-vacuum, ngaphandle kwezithako zokulondoloza nemibala, ukunikeza izilwane ezifuywayo ukukhetha kokudla okuphephile, okunomsoco nokuphelele. Lokhu kudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo okunomsoco kakhulu kuhlangabezana nezidingo zempilo yezilwane ezifuywayo ngenkathi kugcina ikhwalithi yokuqala yezithako, kugqamisa indima ebalulekileumshini wokomisa oqandisiweekucutshungulweni kokudla kwezilwane zasekhaya kwesimanje.
一. Kuyini ukudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo okomiswe ngokuqandisa
Ukudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo okomiswe ngeqhwa ngokuvamile kusebenzisa inyama yezilwane ezifuywayo nenyama yenkukhu, izinhlanzi kanye ne-shrimp, izithelo nemifino njengezinto zokusetshenziswa, ngaphandle kokufaka noma yiziphi izithasiselo nemibala, futhi kusebenzisa inqubo yokomisa ngeqhwa nge-vacuum ukuze kubulawe ngokuphelele amagciwane namagciwane angase abe khona ezintweni zokusetshenziswa, okuphephile kakhulu ezinganeni. Njengamanje, ngaphezu kokudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo okwenziwe ekhaya, ukudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo okomiswe ngeqhwa kungukudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo okusha, okungacutshungulwanga kahle futhi okunempilo okungaqinisekisa ibhalansi ephelele yokudla okunempilo.
Izinzuzo zokudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo okomiswe ngeqhwa
ukucindezeleka okukhulu
Inqubo yokomisa nge-vacuum freeze inqubo yokomisa eyenziwa ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu kanye nezinga eliphezulu le-vacuum. Ngesikhathi sokucubungula, izithako zitholakala endaweni engenawo umoya-mpilo futhi emnyama ngokuphelele. Ukushisa kuncane, okugcina kahle umbala, iphunga, ukunambitheka kanye nesimo sezithako ezintsha. Futhi kukhulisa ukugcinwa kwamavithamini ahlukahlukene, ama-carbohydrate, amaprotheni kanye nezinye izakhamzimba ezithakweni kanye ne-chlorophyll, ama-enzyme ebhayoloji, ama-amino acid kanye nezinye izakhamzimba kanye nezinto zokunambitheka,
Ukunambitheka okunamandla
Ngoba enkambisweni yokomisa ngeqhwa, amanzi ekudleni afakwa endaweni yawo yokuqala, okugwema indlela evamile yokomisa, ngenxa yokugeleza kwamanzi kwangaphakathi kanye nokufuduka kokudla kuya endaweni yako futhi izakhamzimba zithwalwa ziye endaweni yokudla, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwezakhamzimba kanye nokuqina kwendawo yokudla. Inyama eyomile inambitheka kamnandi kuneyokuqala, okwenza kube ngcono ukunambitheka.
Ukubuyiselwa kwamanzi emzimbeni okuphezulu
Enqubweni yokomisa ngeqhwa, amakristalu eqhwa aqinile ayashintsha abe umhwamuko wamanzi, ashiye izimbobo ezithakweni, ngakho-ke ukudla kwezilwane okomiswe ngeqhwa nge-vacuum kunesakhiwo esomile esinezimbobo ze-spongiform, ngakho-ke kunokuncibilika okusheshayo kanye nokubuyiselwa kwamanzi ngokushesha nangokuphelele. Uma nje inani elifanele lamanzi lingezwa lapho kudliwa, lingabuyiselwa ekubeni mnandi cishe omusha ngemizuzwana embalwa kuya kwemizuzu embalwa. Lokhu kuxazulula kahle inkinga yokuqukethwe kwamanzi aphansi kokudla okomile kwezilwane ezifuywayo futhi kwandisa ukungenisa kwamanzi kwezilwane ezifuywayo.
Ukulondolozwa okude kakhulu
Ukudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo okomiswe ngeqhwa kuncishisiwe ngokuphelele futhi kulula, ngakho-ke kulula kakhulu ukukusebenzisa noma ukukuthwala, futhi ukudla kwezilwane eziningi okomiswe ngeqhwa kupakishwa emaphaketheni agcwele i-vacuum noma agcwele i-nitrogen futhi kugcinwe kude nokukhanya. Isikhathi sokuphila saleli phakethe elivaliwe ekushiseni kwegumbi singafinyelela eminyakeni emi-3 kuya kwemi-5, noma ngaphezulu.
Okulandelayo. Uyini umehluko phakathi kokudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo okomiswe ngokuqandisa kanye nokudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo okomile?
Ukudla okomiswe ngokuqandisa empeleni kusebenzisa inqubo yokuqandisa ngokushesha kanye ne-vacuum sublimation, kuyilapho ukudla okomiswe ngokumanzi (njengemifino emaphaketheni e-instant noodles condiment kukudla okujwayelekile okomiswe ngokumanzi) kuvame ukusebenzisa inqubo yokukhuthaza ukuhwamuka kwamanzi ekudleni ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwa ngokwenziwa. Kubandakanya ukomisa ngokwemvelo (ukomisa ilanga, ukomisa emoyeni, ukomisa ngomthunzi) kanye nokomisa ngokwenziwa (ihhavini, igumbi lokomisa, ukomisa ngomshini, ezinye izindlela zokomisa) nezinye izindlela.
Ukudla okomisiwe okuqandisiwe kuvame ukugcina umbala omningi, iphunga, ukunambitheka kanye nokwakheka kokudla okunomsoco, futhi akukho shintsho olukhulu ekubukekeni, ukubuyiselwa kwamanzi emzimbeni okunamandla, kungagcinwa isikhathi eside ngaphandle kwezithako zokugcina, futhi kungagcina amavithamini namaminerali amaningi, kodwa uma kuqhathaniswa nezithelo ezintsha, kuvame ukuntuleka amavithamini athile, njengevithamini C.
Ukudla okuphelelwe amanzi emzimbeni kuvame ukuba nombala, iphunga, ukunambitheka kanye nokwakheka kokudla okunempilo kuzoshintsha, futhi ukubuyiselwa kwamanzi emzimbeni kubi kakhulu, ukudla okuphelelwe amanzi emzimbeni enqubweni yokulondolozwa, kuvame ukuba lula ukubola amavithamini namaminerali, ngakho-ke inani lako lokudla okunempilo alilihle njengokudla okomisiwe okuqandisiwe.
Inqubo yokwenza ukudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo okomisiwe ngokuqandisa
(1) Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa
Ukukhetha izinto ezingavuthiwe, khetha inkukhu entsha, idada, inyama yenkomo, imvu, inhlanzi njalo njalo.
(2) Ngaphambi kokwelashwa
Ukuthengwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ezinhle ngaphambi kokwelashwa ngokuqandisa, izinto ezahlukene zinezinqubo ezahlukene zokwelashwa, ngokuvamile zisika izinto zibe yisimo esidingekayo, bese zihlanzwa, zihlanzwe, zihlanzwe, njll., inhloso ukususa udoti ukuze wome futhi uncibilike, ukuvimbela amafutha amaningi abangelwa ukuwohloka kwe-oxidation kanye nokuwohloka kwamakhemikhali okubangelwa ukuba khona komsebenzi we-autolyase enyameni. Ngemva kokucubungula, izinto zifakwa emathileyi futhi zilungele isinyathelo esilandelayo.
(3), ukuqandisa ngaphambi kokushisa okuphansi
Amanzi akhululekile ezithakweni zenyama ayaqina, ukuze umkhiqizo oqediwe ube nesimo esifanayo ngemva kokomiswa nangaphambi kokomiswa, okuvimbela izinguquko ezingenakuguqulwa ezifana nokugqwala, ukuhlushwa, ukushwabana kanye nokunyakaza kokuncibilika ngesikhathi sokomiswa nge-vacuum, kanye nokunciphisa ukuncipha kokuncibilika kwezinto kanye nezinguquko ezicini zokuphila okubangelwa ukwehla kwezinga lokushisa.
Ngemva kokuqedwa kokwelashwa kwangaphambi kokwelashwa, izinto zokusetshenziswa zizoqandiswa endaweni yokugcina izinto eziqandisa ngokushesha ngama-degree ayishumi aphansi. Ukuqandisa kwangaphambi kokwelashwa kuzokwenziwa ngokwezinga lokuqandisa kwangaphambi kokwelashwa kwezinto, izinga lokushisa eliphansi lokuqandisa kwangaphambi kokwelashwa, kanye nesikhathi sokuqandisa kwangaphambi kokwelashwa. Izinto ezijwayelekile zingaqala ukuhlanza nge-vacuum amahora angu-1-2 ngemva kokuba izinga lokushisa lifinyelele izinga lokushisa eliphansi lokuqandisa kwangaphambi kokwelashwa.
(4), yomiswe ngeqhwa
I-Lyophilization ngokuvamile ihlukaniswe ngezinyathelo nezigaba ezimbili: ukomisa nge-sublimation kanye nokomisa nge-desorption. Ukomisa nge-sublimation kwaziwa nangokuthi isigaba sokuqala sokomisa, umkhiqizo oqandisiwe ushiswa esitsheni esivaliwe se-vacuum, lapho wonke amakristalu eqhwa esusiwe, isigaba sokuqala sokomisa siqediwe, ngalesi sikhathi cishe ama-90% awo wonke amanzi asusiwe. Ukomisa kuqala kusuka ebusweni bangaphandle bese kuhamba kancane kancane kuya ngaphakathi, futhi igebe elisele ngemuva kokufakwa kwe-sublimation kwekristalu yeqhwa liba yindlela yokuphuma komhwamuko wamanzi we-sublimated.
Ukomisa ngokususa uketshezi kwaziwa nangokuthi ukomisa kwesigaba sesibili, uma iqhwa kumkhiqizo selipholile, ukomisa komkhiqizo kungena esigabeni sesibili. Ngemva kwesigaba sokuqala sokomisa, kukhona nengxenye yamanzi efakwe odongeni lwe-capillary kanye namaqembu e-polar ezinto ezomile, ezingaqandisiwe. Uma zifika enanini elithile, zinikeza izimo zokukhula nokuzalela kwamagciwane kanye nokusabela okuthile. Ukuze kufezwe okuqukethwe komswakama okusele okufanele komkhiqizo, kuthuthukiswe ukuzinza kokugcinwa komkhiqizo, futhi kwandiswe isikhathi sokugcina, umkhiqizo kumele womiswe ngokwengeziwe. Ngemva kwesigaba sesibili sokomisa, okuqukethwe komswakama okusele kumkhiqizo kuncike ohlotsheni lomkhiqizo kanye nezidingo. Ngokuvamile kuphakathi kuka-0.45% no-4%.
(5) Ukupakishwa komkhiqizo oqediwe
Gcina ukudla kwezilwane okomiswe efrijini emaphaketheni avaliwe ukuze ugweme ukumanzisa kabusha.
五. Kufanelekela izidingo ezahlukene zezilwane ezifuywayo
Amakati: Ukudla kwamakati okomiswe eqandisini kuvame ukwenziwa ngokwezidingo zokudla okunempilo kwekati lakho futhi kuphezulu ngamaprotheni, amavithamini namaminerali ukusiza ukugcina uboya obunempilo kanye nesistimu yokugaya ukudla. Futhi, kumakati athanda ukudla inyama, okunye ukudla kwamakati okomiswe eqandisini kunganikeza izinhlobo ezahlukene zokunambitheka kwenyama.
Kwezinja: Ukudla kwenja okomiswe ngeqhwa kungakhiwa kugxilwe kakhulu kumaprotheni, amavithamini namafutha ukuze kusekelwe amandla nempilo yenja yakho. Kungase kube nezinhlobo ezahlukene zokudla kwezinja ezinobukhulu obuhlukene, ubudala, kanye namazinga omsebenzi ahlukene, kufaka phakathi imikhiqizo yezidingo zokudla ezikhethekile, njengezinja ezine-allergies ethile yokudla, ezingase zibe nezinhlobo ezikhethekile.
Ezinye izilwane ezifuywayo: Ngaphezu kwamakati nezinja, ezinye izilwane ezifuywayo, njengonogwaja, ama-hamster, njll., zingase zibe nokudla okukhethekile okomisiwe okuqandisiwe. Lokhu kudla kuvame ukuqukatha izakhamzimba ezikhethekile ezidingwa yilezi zilwane, isibonelo, konogwaja kungase kube nokugcizelelwa kokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwefayibha, kanti kuma-hamster kungase kube nokugxila okukhulu esilinganisweni samaprotheni nama-carbohydrate.
Ukuvela kokudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo okomiswe ngeqhwa kushintshe ngokuphelele indlela izilwane ezifuywayo ezikhuliswa ngayo, futhi inqubo yako yokomisa ngeqhwa nge-vacuum ivumela ukudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo ukuthi kugcine umbala, iphunga, ukunambitheka kanye nokuqukethwe okunomsoco kwezithako eziningi zokuqala. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uma kuqhathaniswa nokudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo okudakiwe ngokwendabuko, ukudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo okomiswe ngeqhwa kungcono kakhulu ngokunambitheka, isikhathi sokuphelelwa yisikhathi kanye nenani lokudla okunomsoco. Ukudla okwenziwe ngokwezifiso kwezidingo zezilwane ezifuywayo ezahlukene kunikeza ukudla okunomsoco okuphelele nokulinganiselayo kwezilwane ezifuywayo. Ngakho-ke, ukudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo okomiswe ngeqhwa akugcini nje ngokufanele izilwane ezifuywayo ezivamile njengamakati nezinja, kodwa futhi kungahlangabezana nezidingo zokudla okunempilo ezahlukene zezinye izilwane ezifuywayo njengonogwaja nama-hamster. Ukuvela kwalokhu kudla kwezilwane ezintsha ngokungangabazeki kuzoholela emisha kanye nentuthuko yemibono yokukhulisa izilwane ezifuywayo.
Uma unesifiso sobuchwepheshe bokomisa ngokuqandisa noma ekwenzeni ukudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo okomiswe ngokuqandisa, noma ungathanda ukufunda kabanzi ngemikhiqizo yethu, sicela ukhululeke ukuXhumana nathiSingochwepheshe ekukhiqizeni zonke izinhlobo zemishini yokomisa efrijini, okuhlanganisaIsomisi esiqandisiwe esisetshenziswa ekhaya, Umshini wokomisa oqandisa uhlobo lwelabhorethri,umshini wokomisa oqandisayo wokuhlolafuthiumshini wokomisa oqandisayo wokukhiqizaNakuba singanikezi ukudla kwezilwane ezifuywayo, ithimba lethu lochwepheshe lingakunikeza izeluleko kanye nezixazululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso mayelana nobuchwepheshe bokomisa ngokuqandisa. Uma unemibuzo noma izidingo, sicela ukhululeke ukusishayela ucingo noma usithumelele i-imeyili futhi sizokujabulela ukukukhonza.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Jan-12-2024
