I-reactor ephezulu yokucindezela (I-magnetic high-pressure reactor) imele ukuqanjwa okusha okubalulekile ekusebenziseni ubuchwepheshe bokushayela kazibuthe emishinini yokusabela. Ixazulula izinkinga zokuvuza kokuvaleka kwe-shaft ezihambisana nezigxivizo zendabuko zokupakisha nezigxivizo zemishini, iqinisekisa ukuthi akuvuzi futhi ukungcola. Lokhu kuyenza ibe idivayisi efanelekile yokuphatha ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ngaphansi kwezimo ezishisa kakhulu nezinomfutho ophezulu, ikakhulukazi ezintweni ezivuthayo, eziqhumayo, nezinobuthi, lapho izinzuzo zayo ziba sobala nakakhulu.
Ⅰ.Izici Nezicelo
Ngokuklama kwesakhiwo kanye nokucushwa kwepharamitha, i-reactor ingafinyelela ukushisisa, ukuhwamuka, ukupholisa, kanye nokuxubana kwesivinini esiphansi kudingwa izinqubo ezithile. Ngokuya ngezidingo zokucindezela ngesikhathi sokuphendula, izidingo zokuklama zomkhumbi wokucindezela ziyahlukahluka. Ukukhiqiza kufanele kuhambisane ngokuqinile nezindinganiso ezifanele, okuhlanganisa ukucutshungulwa, ukuhlola, nokusebenza kwesilingo.
Ama-reactors anengcindezi ephezulu asetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini ezifana ne-petroleum, amakhemikhali, irabha, izibulala-zinambuzane, odayi, ezemithi, nokudla. Zisebenza njengemikhumbi yokucindezela yezinqubo ezifana ne-vulcanization, i-nitration, i-hydrogenation, i-alkylation, i-polymerization, kanye ne-condensation.
Ⅱ.Izinhlobo Zokusebenza
Ama-reactor anengcindezi ephezulu angahlukaniswa abe yinqwaba kanye nokusebenza okuqhubekayo. Zivamise ukuhlonywa izishintshi zokushisa ezinejakhethi kodwa zingabandakanya izishintshi zokushisa zekhoyili zangaphakathi noma izishintshi zokushisa zohlobo lukabhasikidi. Izishintshi zokushisa zokujikeleza kwangaphandle noma izishintshisi zokushisa ze-reflux condensation nazo ziyizinketho. Ukuxuba kungafezwa ngokusebenzisa ama-agitator emishini noma ngokubhubhuza umoya noma amagesi angasebenzi. Lawa ma-reactor asekela ukusabela kwe-liquid-solid homogeneous, ukusabela koketshezi lwegesi, ukusabela koketshezi oluqinile, nokusabela kwesigaba sesithathu se-gas-solid-liquid.
Ukulawula izinga lokushisa lokusabela kubalulekile ukuze ugweme izingozi, ikakhulukazi ekuphenduleni okunemiphumela yokushisa ebalulekile. Ukusebenza kweqoqo kuqondile, kuyilapho imisebenzi eqhubekayo idinga ukunemba nokulawula okuphezulu.
Ⅲ.Ukubunjwa Kwesakhiwo
Ama-reactor anengcindezi ephezulu ngokuvamile ahlanganisa umzimba, isembozo, idivayisi yokudlulisela, i-agitator, nedivaysi yokuvala.
Umzimba We-Reactor kanye Nesembozo:
Igobolondo lenziwe ngomzimba oyi-cylindrical, isembozo esingaphezulu, nesembozo esingaphansi. Isembozo esingenhla singashiselwa ngqo emzimbeni noma sixhunywe ngama-flange ukuze kube lula ukuqaqa. Ikhava inemigodi, imigodi, kanye nemibhobho yezinqubo ehlukahlukene.
Uhlelo Oluyaluzayo:
Ngaphakathi kwe-reactor, i-agitator yenza kube lula ukuxubana ukuze kuthuthukiswe isivinini sokusabela, ithuthukise ukudluliswa kwenqwaba, futhi ithuthukise ukudluliswa kokushisa. I-agitator ixhunywe kudivayisi yokudlulisa ngokusebenzisa i-coupling.
Uhlelo Lokubeka uphawu:
Isistimu yokuvala ku-reactor isebenzisa izindlela zokuvala eziguquguqukayo, ikakhulukazi ezihlanganisa ukupakisha izimpawu kanye nezimpawu zemishini, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwethembeka.
Ⅳ.Izinto zokwakha kanye nolwazi olwengeziwe
Izinto ezivamile ezisetshenziselwa ama-reactors anomfutho ophezulu zifaka insimbi ye-carbon-manganese, insimbi engagqwali, i-zirconium, nama-alloys asekelwe ku-nickel (isb, i-Hastelloy, i-Monel, i-Inconel), kanye nezinto eziyinhlanganisela. Ukukhetha kuncike ezidingweni ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza.
Ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe mayelana ne-laboratory-scale micro-reactors kanyeHighPqinisaRabadlali, khululekaCsithinte.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-08-2025
