Ubhanana ungenye yezithelo esivame ukuzidla. Ukugcina izingxenye zokudla okunomsoco kanye nombala wokuqala wemikhiqizo egayiwe kabhanana, abacwaningi basebenzisaFhlehlisaDryer ngezifundo zokumisa i-vacuum. Ucwaningo lokumisa iqhwa kubhanana lugxile kakhulu ezincekwini zikabhanana nempushana kabhanana.
Inqubo yokumisa iqhwa yempushana kabhanana ngokuyinhloko ihlanganisa izinyathelo ezimbalwa: ukwelashwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ukubanda kwangaphambi kwesikhathi, ukomiswa kwe-sublimation, ukomiswa kwe-desorption, kanye nokupakishwa. Ukwelapha kusengaphambili kuhlanganisa ukucwecwa, ukusika, nokuphehla ubhanana ukuze kube lula ukomiswa okulandelayo. Ukuqandisa kusengaphambili kuhilela ukuqhwaza i-pulp kabhanana ezingeni lokushisa elithile ukuze kwakheke isixhumi esibonakalayo esizinzile se-sublimation phakathi nesigaba sokumisa i-sublimation. Ukomiswa kwe-sublimation kuhlanganisa ukushisisa i-pulp kabhanana eqandisiwe ngaphansi kwezimo ze-vacuum ukuze kukhishwe umswakama ngokusebenzisa i-sublimation. Ukomiswa kwe-Desorption kuqeda umswakama osele ukuze kufinyelele ukoma okudingekile. Ekugcineni, impushana kabhanana epakishiwe isilungele ukudayiswa.
Imingcele eminingana ebalulekile kufanele ilawulwe ngokuqinile ngesikhathi sokumiswa yiqhwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Okokuqala,ukujiya kwezinto: Njengoba i-pulp kabhanana ine-viscous ephezulu, ukujiya okufanayo kufanele kugcinwe ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza ukuze kuvinjelwe izinkinga ezifana ne-interlayers noma ukomiswa okungaphelele. Okwesibili,lokushisa lokushisa ngesikhathi sublimation: Ukuhlola kubonisa ukuthi isikhathi sokumisa siyancipha njengoba izinga lokushisa leshalofu likhuphuka phakathi kwebanga elifanele (≤20°C). Nokho, ukushisa ngokweqile ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu yokusebenza kungase kubangele ukuncibilika komkhiqizo, okudinge ukulinganiselwa kwezinga lokushisa. Okokugcina,ingcindezi ye-sublimation: Ingcindezi yokusebenza ithinta ngokuyinhloko ukushisa nokudluliswa kwenqwaba. Ucwaningo lukhombisa ingcindezi elungile (engaba ngu-40Pa) enciphisa isikhathi sokumisa.
Ijika lokumisa iqhwa lisebenza njengenkomba ebalulekile yenqubo yokomisa. Ngokuhlaziya ama-curve ngaphansi kwezimo ezihlukene, amapharamitha wenqubo angenziwa elungiselelwe. Isibonelo, ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele (ugqinsi oluyi-8mm, ukushisisa okungu-20°C, ukucindezela okungu-40Pa), ijika lokumisa iqhwa libonisa izigaba ezizinzile ze-sublimation ne-desorption, isikhathi esifushane sokomisa, kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo ephezulu.
Izikomisi eziqandisayo zibonisa izinzuzo ezibalulekile kanye namathemba abanzi okusetshenziswa ekukhiqizweni kwempushana kabhanana. Ngokulawula ngokuqinile amapharamitha abalulekile kanye nezinqubo zokuthuthukisa, kokubili ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza kungathuthukiswa. Namuhla, njengoba amazinga ekhwalithi yokudla ekhuphuka, izinhlobo zokomisa iqhwa ZOKUBILI—eziklanyelwe izidingo zekhwalithi ephezulu—zizuze ukutholwa okubanzi.Siyakwamukela ukubuzaukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-11-2025
